描述
The inflation rate measures the increase in the average level of prices, typically assessed using the Consumer Price Index (CPI). It is calculated as the annual percentage change to observe fluctuations in price levels and the purchasing power of money. An increase in the inflation rate indicates a rise in overall price levels, reducing purchasing power, a phenomenon known as inflation. Conversely, a negative growth rate reflects deflation.
In December 2021, the U.S. CPI annual growth rate reached 7%, marking a 40-year high. However, due to monetary policies implemented by the Federal Reserve, inflation rates in 2023 and 2024 have significantly decreased. Nevertheless, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned that if the U.S. adopts policies such as high tariffs, tax cuts, or immigration restrictions in the future, inflationary pressures could resurface.